Flying machine, airship, and the like.



' wvmfom v. WISNIEWSKI. FLYING MACHINE, AIRSHIP, AND THE LIKE.

' Arruoumn mum JUN}; 18,- 1908 Patented Feb. 1, 1910.

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I v Patented Feb. 1,1910.

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' Y wwbwkjava-3 IIWO/P/VEX VINCENT WISNI EWSKI', or BERLIN,- GERMANY.

FLYING-MACHINE, AInsHIP, AND, THE LIKE.

Specification of Le tters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1', 1910,

, Application filed June 18,1908. Serial No. 439,222.

To all whom it may concem;

Be it known that I,Vmoa v'r Wrsxnzwsm, architect, a subject of thefGei'man .Emperor, and resident of Berlin, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in v Flying-Machines, Airships, and the Like,

of which the following .is a specification.

This invention relates toflying machines,

airships and the like, and'has for its object to provide simple and efiicient mechanism for effecting a horizontal drive.

In apparatus according to this invention the. underlying fundamental idea is that propelling wings are moved with an almost. constant speed over a horizontal path, which isof such length that the greatest mean velocities of an opposing wind will be considerably exceededby the velocity of the said wings, whereby the wind is, as it were, overtaken. The resistance introduced by the velocity of the' structure itself through the atmosphcreinust alsobe overcome. The stroke of such wings is then-store large, and the wings themselves are madeas large as de-- sire their frontal resistance being in proportion to their size. The wingsj'are so ar- .ranged that their entire surface acts horizontallyagainst the air in one direction, to. propel f the ship. against. the resistance of atmosphere, which resistance is directly proportional to the square of the velocity of said ship; and, in case the ship moves againstor with the wind, the velocity of the wings mustbe proportionally increased or' decreased.- The apparatus'is preferably provided with a number .of wings which are arranged to work in opposite directions 00- operating to afford a continuous dr'are.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate apparatus embodying my inven tion-Fi re 1 illustrates inside elevation an airship fitted with driving mechanism embodvin this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan thereo ig. 3 is an end view. Fig. l isanend view .to a larger-scale .with certain parts omitted. Fig. 5 is a section on the line. 5-5, Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a partial plan showing the motor and driving mechanism.

Similar. characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Referring now to the drawings,.it will be noted that this invention is shown applied to an airship or navigable baloon, butsueh mechanism is also suitable for application to othentypes of flying machines. The

- site direction.

rangec'htorotzite in the same direction.

struc'ted as a plane surface. In the example shown, cables 6 and c'arearraiiged to run parallel to each other in opposite directions,-

underside of the balloon is shown conanddrive and support wings a adapted to open when moving in one direction, but

which are closed when moving in the oppo wheels c.- The wheels (land 0 are moved intermittently in opposite directions, so that the cables 6 and are caused to movealter 'nately forward and backward.

The wheels (Z and c are duplex, sce'l ig t3, and are simultaneously employed to drive a second pairof wings a in the opposite direction. The rotation of wheels (Z and. e by reversing gears, is accomplished in any desired way from a. suitable motor M.

In Figs. 5 and 6 vl have illustrated one form of such operating mechanism. The motor Al drives, through a tram of gears,

Thus for example cable Z) runs over. the wheels Z and cable 0 over the wheel m to which is attached a connect- 'ing rod n driving a rack .which engages a pinion g on the operating shaft f. This shaftcarrics the wheels (1 and c, and the reciprocating motion of rack p is communicated tov same through the pinion g and shaft 1 Thewing frames are each secured to the-upper length of onecablc and the lower length of the other and can be of any desired shape. thereof may besecurcd to the cables. In cases where the upper lengths of both cables are connected to the wings, the two lower lengths thereof would be arranged .to'cooperate in the opposite direction. In such a construction the wheels a! and 6 must be ar- In some cases other parts only one set of wheels" (Z or e be used, the

lower or the upper length of the cable might act as a guide and the upper or lower as a driving-means. The d'iri-gibility of the airship is etfected by any known andsuitable horizontal and vertical steering appliances.

Ashereinbefore suggested, the apparatus comprises two sets of wings; and the arrangement is such, that as one set is making. an operative stroke, the other set is being moved backwardly to its starting position. The upper andlower lengths of' cables,

.bands orother traction devices passed,

around driving wheels, are preferably taken alternately as' guiding and attachment points for each wing; but, as will be under stood, "only the upper and lower length. or

even only one npper or lowerlength may be used for supporting and guiding the wings. It is also to be noted that the apparatusiieed not necessarily work with a. second set of wings. The wings are like shutters with doors or valves'opening in one way only, being so-constructed that in their opersistance, but (ii -the inoperative or rearward,

ative or forwa-rdistroke they offer. a great restroke only a sjjii all resistance.

Hav ngnowparticular-1y described and ascertained the-nature of the said invention and located at a relatively great distance- .and in what manner the same tobe' performed, I declare that. what I claim 1-.In 'an airship, flyii'ig machine or the like: {pro )elling apparatus comprising a number 0 driving wheels of large diameter apart in the direction'of the'length of the airship; driving mechanisin adapted to in part alternate rotation to the same; driving me nbersdriven bysaid driving wheels; and

utter-like wings -reciprocated at a high /veloc'ity by said driving members throughout the whole distance between said dr ving wheels.

2-. In an airship, like: pro yelling apparatus compris ng a number 0 driving wheels of large diameter and located at a relatively greatdistance apart in the direction of the length of the airship; driving inechz'u'nsin,Eadapted to 1111- part alternate rotation to the same; a number of cables or hands guided over :and driven by said driving wheels;aiid shntterlike wings fastened to said cables or hands "and adapted to be reci )r0cated at a high Ye: locity by the same throughout the whole dis tance between said driving wheels.

3. In an airship, flying machine or the like: pro )elling apparatus con'ip'rising av number 0 driving wheels of large diameter and located at, a relatively great distance a art in the direction of the length of the airship; driving ineehanism adapted to imfiying machine or' the part alternate rotation to same; a number or parallel and ad acent cables or hands guided over and driven bysaid ,driving wheels; and shutter-like wings fastened to the-said-cables or hands and adapted to be reciproeated at a 111 11 velocity by the same tlII'OtXg'llOUt the whole distance between said driving vvjheels.

I. I -n airship, flying ii'na'chi ie or the like: propelling apparatus comprising a number of driving wheels of large diameter and located ata relatively great distance apart in the direction of the length of the airship; driving mechanism adapted to impart. alternate rotation to the same; traveling cables or bandsguided over and driven by said driving wheels; and slm-tter-like wings fastened to and driven at a high velocity by said cables or bands to A move in {fixed relation to each other in opposite direct-ions throughout the whole distance between;

said'driving wheels. V

5. In an'airship, flying machine or'the like: propelling apparatus comprising a number or driving wheels of large diameter and located at a relatively great. distance apart in the direction of the length of the, airship; driving mechanism adapted to im- )a-rt alternate rotation to the same; anuiner of paralleland adjacent cables or hands guided overand driven by said driving wheels and shutter like wingsdi'i-ven at a high velocity throughout the whole distance 

